INOVASI TEKNOLOGI URBAN FARMING: ANALISIS LITERATUR TENTANG EFEKTIVITAS HIDROPONIK, VERTIKULTUR, DAN AKUAPONIK DI PERKOTAAN
Keywords:
Urban farming, hydroponics, vertical farming, aquaponics, technological innovation, food security, urban areasAbstract
Urban farming is an agricultural innovation that is rapidly developing in urban areas in response to land constraints and increasing food demand. This study aims to analyse the effectiveness of three main urban farming technologies, namely hydroponics, vertical farming, and aquaponics, through a literature review. The analysis results indicate that hydroponics offers optimal water use efficiency and nutrient control, resulting in high-quality yields on limited land. Vertical farming maximises the use of vertical space, increases productivity, and provides aesthetic value to the urban environment. Meanwhile, aquaponics integrates fish farming and plant cultivation in a closed system, producing two commodities simultaneously while conserving water and land resources. Although these three technologies have significant advantages, challenges such as initial investment requirements, dependence on electricity and clean water, and the need for technical knowledge remain major obstacles. Policy support, training, and cross-sector collaboration are essential to expand the adoption and sustainability of urban farming technologies in urban areas. Overall, innovations in hydroponic, vertical farming, and aquaponics technologies have the potential to become strategic solutions for achieving food, economic, and environmental sustainability in the future.
References
Akintuyi, O. B. (2024). Vertical farming in urban environments: A review of architectural integration and food security. Open Access Research Journal of Biology and Pharmacy, 10(2), 114–126. https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjbp.2024.10.2.0017
Atiar Rahman, M. (2025). Hydroponics Review and a Proposed Automated Monitoring System. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 14(1).
Baniya, U., Khaniya, S., & Karki, R. (2025). Evaluating the Economic Feasibility of Hydroponics in Urban Agriculture at Kathmandu, Nepal. Nepalese Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 28.
David, L. H. (2022). Sustainability of urban aquaponics farms: An emergy point of view. Journal of Cleaner Production, 350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131567
Dewi, T. R., Rahayu, T., & Solikah, U. N. (2020). Optimalisasi Urban Farming dengan Vertikultur Sayuran. Wasana Nyata, 3(2), 168–173. https://doi.org/10.36587/wasananyata.v3i2.529
Eliyah, E., & Aslan, A. (2025). STAKE’S EVALUATION MODEL: METODE PENELITIAN. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Indonesia, 3(2), Article 2.
Ferrari, R. (2020). Writing narrative style literature reviews. Medical Writing, 24(4), 230–235. https://doi.org/10.1179/2047480615Z.000000000329
Garnida, Y. (2023). Aquaponics as a Solution for Family Food Security in Urban Areas. Jurnal Manajemen Sumberdaya, 4(2).
Gurung, L., Rawal, J. S., RC, P., Joshi, G. R., & Mandal, A. (2024). Vertical Farming in Urban Agriculture: Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions. Big Data in Agriculture, 6(2), 106–112. https://doi.org/10.26480/bda.02.2024.106.112
Laimeheriwa, B. M. (2024). The Efficiency of Aquaponic Systems in Fish and Crop Production: A Case Study in an Urban Environment. Grouper, 15(2), 146–156. https://doi.org/10.30736/grouper.v15i2.232
Maryono. (2018). Pertanian Perkotaan, Solusi Inovatif untuk Ketahanan Pangan di Tengah Kota. Flora: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Pertanian Dan Perkebunan, 2(1), 188–198. https://doi.org/10.62951/flora.v2i1.265
Ninasari, A. (2024). Inovasi Teknologi Pertanian: Pengaruh Sistem Hidroponik terhadap Pertumbuhan Sayuran. Jurnal Review Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran, 7(4), 17090–17094. https://doi.org/10.31004/jrpp.v7i4.38574
Optimizing the Use of Used Materials for Hydroponic Growing Media in Urban Farming. (2024). Seminar Nasional Sains Dan Teknologi, 4(1).
Panunggul, V. B., Sitanini, A., Putranto, A. H., & Susanto, N. H. A. (2024). Sosialisasi Pemanfaatan Lahan Sempit untuk Budidaya Sayuran Vertikultur. Cakrawala: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Global, 4(1), 244–254. https://doi.org/10.30640/cakrawala.v4i1.3928
Paturu, P. (2024). A case study of hydroponic urban farming models in India. Science of The Total Environment, 924. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171234
Rahayu, T., & Dewi, T. R. (2020). Optimalisasi Urban Farming dengan Vertikultur Sayuran. Wasana Nyata: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 3(2), 168–173. https://doi.org/10.36587/wasananyata.v3i2.529
Rajaseger, G. (2023). Hydroponics: Current trends in sustainable crop production. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.10625363
Rajendran, S. (2024). Hydroponics: Exploring innovative solutions for sustainable urban agriculture. Heliyon, 10(5). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25488
Rakhmadi, A. A., Ahmad, S. S., & Sari, S. S. (2024). Pengembangan Sistem Akuaponik Vertikal untuk Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Ruang di Perkotaan pada Akuaponik Menggunakan Mikrokontroler Arduino UNO. Router: Jurnal Teknik Informatika Dan Terapan, 2(4), 132–145. https://doi.org/10.62951/router.v2i4.293
Seid, J., & Endris, G. (2025). Role of vertical farming for sustainable urban horticulture: A review. Advances in Horticultural Science, 39(1), 69–80. https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-16549
Setiawan, T. (2024). Pangan, Urban, Farming, Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Pengabdian Sosial, 4(1).
Shareef, U. (2024). A Systematic Literature Review on Parameters Optimization for Hydroponic Crop Production. Smart Agriculture Technology, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/smartagtech5030073
Solikah, U. N., Rahayu, T., & Dewi, T. R. (2020). Optimalisasi Urban Farming dengan Vertikultur Sayuran. Wasana Nyata, 3(2), 168–173. https://doi.org/10.36587/WASANANYATA.V3I2.529
Suparta, I. K., & Julyantoro, P. G. S. (2024). Urban Farming Berbasis Akuaponik pada Lahan Sempit sebagai Alternatif Ketahanan Pangan di Masa Depan. Buletin Udayana Mengabdi, 24(2), 163–168. https://doi.org/10.24843/BUM.2025.v24.i02.p14
Wirza, R., & Nazir, S. (2021). Urban aquaponics farming and cities- a systematic literature review. Reviews on Environmental Health, 36(1), 47–61. https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2020-0064
Yapp, E. H. T. (2025). Urban farming: The challenges of hydroponic and vertical farming in Malaysia. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2024.2448601
Zaskar, S. (2024). Aquaponics Solutions for Urban Agriculture and Food Resilience. Journal of Fisheries & Livestock Production, 12(4).
